Talking with Youth Who Use Substances
What Will YOU Say?
As an adult ally, YOU can support behaviour change among youth who use substances by having brief conversations using 2 easy steps: ask and act!
Step 1 – Ask
Ask open-ended questions (i.e. can’t be answered by a simple yes or no) in a calm and non-judgmental way to build rapport, seek understanding and assess their interest in quitting or making a change. Keep these tips in mind:
- Look for opportunities when you have their attention and they feel safe to open up (not in front of others).
- Build your connection. Resist the urge to judge, lecture, punish or share your frustrations.
- Be compassionate. Mental health matters. You may not know what they’re going through.
Examples of open-ended questions to ask:
- What have you heard about [type of substance]?
- How do you feel about [type of substance]?
- How did you start?
- What do you like about it?
- Have you thought about making a change or quitting?
Step 2 – Act
Act supportively by offering information, facts, resources and encouragement based on the youth’s individual needs and readiness for change.
- Encourage them to make a change by building their confidence.
- Ask permission before sharing information. This shows that you want to respect their boundaries and autonomy.
- Base yourself on facts. Avoid scare tactics or exaggerations.
- Keep an open line of communication. Make yourself available when they want to talk and check in occasionally.
Protective Factors
As part of the act step, encourage activities that foster positive relationships, enhance social support, promote individual strengths, and cultivate a sense of belonging.
Resources for Youth Based on Their Readiness for Change
| For youth not ready to make a change regarding their substance use | For youth ready to make a change regarding their substance use |
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As part of the act step, you could say: “I know some great resources where you can learn information on substances. When you’re ready to make a change, I am here for additional support.” RESOURCES:
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As part of the act step you could say: “There are some resources that can help you make a plan and track your progress. I’d like to check in again in a few days, would that be okay?” RESOURCES:
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Resources for Educators
- Building Healthy Schools (EOHU)
- Understanding Substance Use Educators Guide (CCSA)
- Youth Substance Use Resources for Educators (SMHO)
